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Surgical Simulation of Bronchoscopy: Pediatric Difficult Airways
The three surgical simulation cases in the Difficult Airways module range
in age from neonates to school age children. The user places an endotracheal
tube in either static anatomy for novice users, or dynamic anatomy, in
which the patient breathes spontaneously. Pertinent information to guide
decision-making is provided for each case, and each presents anatomic
and pathologic variations in the upper airway to provide a wide range
of experience.
A thorough evaluation report is automatically generated every time a
user proceeds through a case. All reports are stored in a password-protected
database to provide user-specific documentation of training and competency.
Items recorded include successful placement of the ET tube, time to complete
the procedure, whether a jaw thrust was performed, types of anesthesia
administered, the number of scope collisions with airway walls, and the
number of attempts to pass through the glottis.
Training Objectives
Upon completion of the Pediatric Difficult Airways module, the user will
be able to:
- Understand the anatomy of the upper airway as viewed through the bronchoscope.
- Appreciate the difference in the airway anatomies of children of different
ages.
- Understand the correct technique for operating the bronchoscope.
- Discuss the technique for advancing the bronchoscope through a difficult
airway.
- Appreciate the dynamic responses of the airway to the presence of
the bronchoscope.
- Discuss the anesthetic management of the patient with a difficult
airway.
Realistic Educational Aids
The Endoscopy AccuTouch® System delivers realistic, procedure-based
content for cognitive and motor skills training. The system consists of
a PC, an interface device with interchangeable anatomy, proxy endoscopes,
and software modules for a wide range of training scenarios. The Difficult
Airways module provides several tools for learning how to use of a bronchoscope
to place an endotracheal tube in a pediatric patient:
- A navigational view that lets users visualize the location of
the scope in relation to the anatomy can be toggled on and off.
- Novice users can choose a Static View, with the patient paralyzed,
to learn proper technique before moving on to the more challenging Dynamic
View, with the patient spontaneously breathing.
- A Virtual Assistant foot pedal allows for independent operation of
the simulator.
- The bronchoscope looks, feels, and handles like a real scope, allowing
users to perfect their technique.
- The patient breathes, coughs, and exhibits changes in vital signs
based on users’ actions.
- A jaw thrust can be performed to better visualize the glottis.
- The patient’s airway responds to the dispensing of volatile,
intravenous, and topical anesthetic agents.
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