The CRDM Heart Failure module includes four virual reality medical cases that allow the clinician to practice using fixed-shape or deflectable/steerable catheters to cannulate the ostium of the coronary sinus. The cases include various heart chamber sizes and coronary sinus locations, dilated chambers, and large, distorted, or tortuous coronary sinus anatomy.

Virtual Reality Medical Patient

Once the sinus is engaged, the user may place a special venogram balloon-catheter within the virtual patient’s coronary sinus, inject contrast to record a cine video loop or still image, and then examine the course of the coronary sinus and its tributaries.

Realistic Surgical Simulation

When the coronary sinus venous anatomy is known, the user may select appropriate stylet-driven or over-the-wire pacing leads for selective delivery and maneuvering to the desired location. When the lead is in place, its electrical performance may be evaluated using the surgical simulator’s Analyzer feature. The lead’s stimulation and sensing thresholds may be evaluated, as well as the presence of diaphragmatic stimulation.

Once a desired location has been found, to successfully complete the virtual reality medical case, the user must remove the delivery catheter and guidewire or stylet without dislodging the pacing lead.

Objective Medical Training Evaluation

Afterwards, the user can examine the surgical simulator’s Metrics page to view objective criteria tracked during the case, including total fluoro time, total contrast injected, whether final electrical parameters were acceptable, and whether diaphragmatic stimulation was present.

The CRM module also includes bradycardia.